しゅちょう

I

[首長] chieftain

【C】《正式》(山賊などの)首領， かしら；首長

*lord

【C】統治者；首長

sheik(h)

【C】(アラビア人の)家長；族長；首長.

II

[主張] 〔言い分， 持論〕

insistence

【U】【C】《正式》(強い)主張， 断言.

*claim

【C】(事実としての)主張， 〔…するという〕断言〔to do〕∥ a legitimate claim 正当な要求［主張］ / make a claim to have discovered the truth 真実を見出したと主張する(＝claim to have discovered ...).

assertion

【U】【C】主張；断言， 所説∥ make an assertion 主張する.

contention

【C】《正式》〔…という〕(論争の)論点〔that節〕∥ take up the contention that she is in trouble 彼女が困っているという主張をとりあげる.

pretension

【U】【C】《正式》［しばしば ～s］〔…があるという〕主張(する権利)〔to〕.

▲carry ［gain， make］ one's point 主張を通す / prove one's ［the］ case 主張が正しいことを証明する / listen to his pretenses 彼の主張に耳を傾ける.

¶→主張者

主張
claim
request
insistence
assertion
advocacy
emphasis
contention
opinion
tenet
主潮
main current
主調
keynote
main melody
主長
head
chief
腫脹
swelling
首長
head (of organization)

* * *

I

しゅちょう【主張】

〔言い分， 持論〕

insistence

〖U〗〖C〗《正式》(強い)主張， 断言.

*claim

〖C〗(事実としての)主張， 〔…するという〕断言〔to do〕

a legitimate claim 正当な要求［主張］

make a claim to have discovered the truth 真実を見出したと主張する(＝claim to have discovered...).

assertion

〖U〗〖C〗主張；断言， 所説

make an assertion 主張する.

contention

〖C〗《正式》〔…という〕(論争の)論点〔that節〕

take up the contention that she is in trouble 彼女が困っているという主張をとりあげる.

pretension

〖U〗〖C〗《正式》［しばしば ～s］〔…があるという〕主張(する権利)〔to〕.

▲carry ［gain， make］ one's point 主張を通す

prove one's ［the］ case 主張が正しいことを証明する

listen to his pretenses 彼の主張に耳を傾ける.

¶ → 主張者

II

しゅちょう【首長】

chieftain

〖C〗《正式》(山賊などの)首領， かしら；首長

*lord

〖C〗統治者；首長

sheik(h)

〖C〗(アラビア人の)家長；族長；首長.

* * *

I

しゅちょう【主張】

〔言い張ること〕 insistence; (an) assertion; 〔法廷での〕 (an) allegation; 〔権利の〕 a claim; 〔持論･意見〕 one's opinion.

～する 〔言い張る〕 insist; assert; claim; hold; keep saying; contend; 《文》 aver; 〔支持を訴えて〕 plead; make a plea [case] for…; 〔権利を〕 lay claim 《to…》; 〔力説する〕 emphasize; stress; lay stress [emphasis] 《on…》.

●声高に主張する insist loudly 《that…》; make noisy claims 《for…》

・控えめに主張する quietly insist 《that…》; make modest claims《for…》

・繰り返し主張する keep saying [insisting, claiming, maintaining] that…; make repeated claims 《for…》

・原発反対を主張する人々 opponents of [people who oppose] nuclear power plants

・銃砲所持の正当性を主張する人々 people who say [claim, argue] that it is all right to have guns; advocates of the acceptability of having [possessing] firearms

・権利を主張する assert [claim] (that sb has) the right to do; assert [insist on] one's rights of doing

・自説の正しさを主張する insist on the correctness [validity] of one's theory; insist that one is right

・計画の中止を主張する say [argue, claim, insist] that a project (should) be cancelled; advocate cancelling a project

・武力行使反対を主張する oppose the use of force

・歴史は科学だと主張する maintain [argue, claim] that history is a science; stake out a claim for history as a science

・若者は思い思いのファッションで個性を主張している. Young people lay claim to uniqueness [express their individuality] through their choice of original clothing. | The distinctive clothing that young people wear is their way of insisting on their individuality [showing they are unique individuals].

・君はもう少し自分を主張したほうがいいね. You should try to be more assertive [put yourself forward more, 《口》 be a bit more pushy].

・その土地は自分のものだと主張した. He claimed that the land was his property.

・被告は無罪を主張している. The accused is claiming [insisting] that he is innocent [not guilty]. | 〔法廷で〕 The accused has pleaded not guilty.

・政府は国の対応に落ち度はなかったと主張している. The government denies [is denying] that the state was at fault [responsibility (for what happened)].

・この本が主張しているのは日本経済は必ず復活するということだ. This book claims [insists] that the Japanese economy will certainly recover. | The claim this book makes is that the Japanese economy is certain to recover.

●両者の主張が真っ向から食い違っている. Their statements [claims, allegations] are completely conflicting.

・結局私の主張が通った. I managed to convince 《the committee》 [persuade 《the boss》 that I was right]. | I ended up getting my point across.

・いつでも自分の主張が通ると思ったら大間違いだ. Don't expect everybody to agree with you all the time. | If you think you're always going to get your own way you're in for a big surprise.

●彼の妻の主張によれば犯行当時彼は家にいたとのことだ. His wife claims [According to his wife,] he was at home at the time of the crime.

・その主張には無理がある. The claim doesn't carry weight [is not convincing]. | That's [That claim is] pretty unconvincing.

●主張を通す[貫く] make sb agree [accept one's claim]; convince sb; carry [gain] one's point

・主張を曲げる compromise; temper one's views

・主張を曲げない stand firm; stick to one's position [opinion, guns]; do not give in [compromise]; stand one's ground

・主張をはっきりさせる make it clear where one stands; clarify one's position

・主張を人に押しつける force one's views on (other) people

・相手の主張を認める[受け入れる] accept the other person's [side's, party's] claim; accept the other person's assertion [what the other person says]

・相手の主張を認めない[はねつける] deny [reject] the other person's claim; refuse to accept what the other person says

・主張を抑える 〔自分の〕 refrain from making a claim [putting forward an argument]; keep one's (real) views to oneself; 〔他者の〕 suppress sb's claim; prevent sb from expressing a claim [his views].

自己主張 ⇒じこしゅちょう.

主張訓練 【心理】 〔心理療法の一種〕 assertiveness training.

II

しゅちょう【主潮】

the main current; the prevalent [dominant, predominant] trend.

III

しゅちょう【主調】

a [the] dominant note; 【音楽】 the [a] keynote. [⇒きちょう⁵]

IV

しゅちょう【首長】

a head; a headman 《pl. -men》; a chief.

●自治体の首長 the head of a local government; a local government head.

首長国 an emirate.

首長制 〔イスラム圏の一部の〕 government by an emir; 〔大統領制〕 presidential government.

首長選挙 elections to decide the heads of local governments; 〔市長の〕 a mayoral election; an election for mayor; 〔知事の〕 a gubernatorial election.

V

しゅちょう【殊寵】

〔特に寵愛すること〕 《confer》 special favor 《on sb》.

VI

しゅちょう【腫脹】

a swelling; a boil; 【医】 an intumescence. [＝はれもの]